Liquid Chlorine Pool Shock - Commercial Grade 12.5% Concentrated Strength - 1 Gallon

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Gédéon, Andras (2006). Science and technology in medicine. Springer. pp.181–82. ISBN 978-0-387-27874-2. Archived from the original on 2015-12-31. a b "Bleaching". Encyclopædia Britannica (9th Edition (1875) and 10th Edition (1902)ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-24 . Retrieved 2012-05-02.

NOAA Office of Response and Restoration, US GOV. "Chlorine". noaa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 October 2015 . Retrieved 25 August 2015. Berezow, Alex. "Why You Should Never Mix Different Drain Cleaners". Forbes. Archived from the original on 2016-04-25 . Retrieved 2016-04-12.a b Gordon W. Gribble (1998). "Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds". Acc. Chem. Res. 31 (3): 141–52. doi: 10.1021/ar9701777. The chloride anion is an essential nutrient for metabolism. Chlorine is needed for the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach and in cellular pump functions. [104] The main dietary source is table salt, or sodium chloride. Overly low or high concentrations of chloride in the blood are examples of electrolyte disturbances. Hypochloremia (having too little chloride) rarely occurs in the absence of other abnormalities. It is sometimes associated with hypoventilation. [105] It can be associated with chronic respiratory acidosis. [106] Hyperchloremia (having too much chloride) usually does not produce symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they tend to resemble those of hypernatremia (having too much sodium). Reduction in blood chloride leads to cerebral dehydration; symptoms are most often caused by rapid rehydration which results in cerebral edema. Hyperchloremia can affect oxygen transport. [107] Hazards Chlorine Chlorine perchlorate (ClOClO 3) is a pale yellow liquid that is less stable than ClO 2 and decomposes at room temperature to form chlorine, oxygen, and dichlorine hexoxide (Cl 2O 6). [53] Chlorine perchlorate may also be considered a chlorine derivative of perchloric acid (HOClO 3), similar to the thermally unstable chlorine derivatives of other oxoacids: examples include chlorine nitrate (ClONO 2, vigorously reactive and explosive), and chlorine fluorosulfate (ClOSO 2F, more stable but still moisture-sensitive and highly reactive). [54] Dichlorine hexoxide is a dark-red liquid that freezes to form a solid which turns yellow at −180°C: it is usually made by reaction of chlorine dioxide with oxygen. Despite attempts to rationalise it as the dimer of ClO 3, it reacts more as though it were chloryl perchlorate, [ClO 2] +[ClO 4] −, which has been confirmed to be the correct structure of the solid. It hydrolyses in water to give a mixture of chloric and perchloric acids: the analogous reaction with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride does not proceed to completion. [53] Liquid chlorine or sodium hypochlorite is 4 to 6 times stronger than a regular gallon of household bleach and is a hazardous material, so it’s important to be careful when using it.

It’s important to test your pH and alkalinity levels each time you test your chlorine to make sure it doesn’t lose effectiveness. But keeping it within healthy levels is simply a matter of testing your water regularly and adding chlorine only when necessary. This article was co-authored by Rob Litman. Rob Litman is a Landscaper, General Contractor, and the CEO of Vitoli Inc., a landscaping, hardscaping, ecoscaping, and swimming pool design company in Los Angeles, California. With over 20 years of experience in construction, Rob specializes in energy-efficient and drought-tolerant landscaping. He holds General Building Contractor (Class B) and Registered Pool/Spa Contractor Licenses. In 2007, Rob won House of the Year in Gardena, California.When used at specified levels for water disinfection, the reaction of chlorine with water is not a major concern for human health. Other materials present in the water may generate disinfection by-products that are associated with negative effects on human health. [115] [116] Chlorine was first discovered in Sweden in 1744. At that time, people believed that odours from the water were responsible for transmitting diseases. In 1835, chlorine was used to remove odours from the water, but it wasn't until 1890 that chlorine was found to be an effective tool for disinfecting; a way to reduce the amount of disease transmitted through water. With this new find, chlorination began in Great Britain and then expanded to the United States in 1908 and Canada by 1917. Today, chlorination is the most popular method of disinfection and is used for water treatment all over the world. Why do we Chlorinate our water? In the laboratory, hydrogen chloride gas may be made by drying the acid with concentrated sulfuric acid. Deuterium chloride, DCl, may be produced by reacting benzoyl chloride with heavy water (D 2O). [42] a b c M. Rossberg et al. "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi: 10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2

a b c d e "17 Chlorine". Elements.vanderkrogt.net. Archived from the original on 2010-01-23 . Retrieved 2008-09-12. De la nature et des propriétés de l'acide muriatique et de l'acide muriatique oxigéné (On the nature and properties of muriatic acid and of oxidized muriatic acid), pp. 339–58. From pp. 357–58: "Le gaz muriatique oxigéné n'est pas, en effect, décomposé … comme un corps composé." ("In fact, oxygenated muriatic acid is not decomposed by charcoal, and it might be supposed, from this fact and those that are communicated in this Memoir, that this gas is a simple body. The phenomena that it presents can be explained well enough on this hypothesis; we shall not seek to defend it, however, as it appears to us that they are still better explained by regarding oxygenated muriatic acid as a compound body.") For a full English translation of this section, see: Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard, "On the nature and the properties of muriatic acid and of oxygenated muriatic acid" (Lemoyne College, Syracuse, New York)

How Does an Automatic Pool Chlorinator Work?

The hypochlorite ions also disproportionate further to produce chloride and chlorate (3 ClO − ⇌ 2 Cl − + ClO − Once you’ve determined that chlorine needs to be added, with your pool pump running, pour the chlorine slowly into the deep end of the pool. Sodium chloride is the most common chlorine compound, and is the main source of chlorine for the demand by the chemical industry. About 15000 chlorine-containing compounds are commercially traded, including such diverse compounds as chlorinated methane, ethanes, vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), aluminium trichloride for catalysis, the chlorides of magnesium, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium which are the precursors for producing the pure form of those elements. [14]